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Use of geosynthetics in railways including geocomposites and vertical drains

机译：土工合成材料在包括土工复合材料和垂直排水沟的铁路中的使用

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Australia relies heavily on rail for the transportation of bulk commodities and passenger services, and has introduced faster and heavier trains in recent years due to a growing demand. Large cyclic loading from heavy haul and passenger trains often leads to progressive deterioration of the track. The excessive deformations and degradations of the ballast layer and unacceptable differential settlement or pumping of underlying soft and compressible subgrade soils necessitate frequent costly track maintenance works. A proper understanding of load transfer mechanisms and their effects on track deformations are essential prerequisites for minimising maintenance costs. The reinforcement of the track by means of geosynthetics leads to significant reduction in the downward propagation of stresses and assures more resilient longterm performance. The geocomposite serves the functions of reinforcement, drainage and separation, thereby reducing the vertical and lateral deformations. Stabilization of soft subgrade soils by using prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) is also essential for improving the overall stability of track and to reduce the differential settlement during the operation of trains. The effectiveness of using geocomposite geosynthetic and PVDs has been observed through field measurements and finite element analyses. These have been the first fully instrumented, comprehensive field trials carried out in Australian Railways, and it was very encouraging to see the field observations matching the numerical predictions.
机译：澳大利亚严重依赖铁路运输散装商品和客运服务，由于需求增长，近年来引入了更快，更重的火车。重型运输和客运列车产生的较大周期性载荷通常会导致轨道逐渐恶化。压载层的过度变形和降解以及不可接受的差异沉降或泵送下面的软性和可压缩路基土壤，使得经常进行昂贵的轨道维护工作。正确理解载荷传递机制及其对轨道变形的影响，是使维护成本降至最低的必要前提。借助土工合成材料对轨道进行加固，可显着降低应力的向下传播，并确保长期的弹性表现。土工复合材料具有加固，排水和分离的功能，从而减少了竖向和横向变形。通过使用预制的垂直排水管（PVD）稳定软基层土壤对于提高轨道的整体稳定性并减少火车运行过程中的差异沉降也至关重要。通过现场测量和有限元分析已经观察到使用土工合成材料和PVD的有效性。这些是澳大利亚铁路公司进行的第一个完全仪器化的，全面的现场试验，看到现场观察结果与数值预测相符，这令人非常鼓舞。

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